Release Date:10/18/2024 10:25:00 AM

Methanol name

Chinese name 甲醇
English name methanol
Chinese alias 木精 | 木醇
English alias more

Physical and chemical properties of methanol

density 0.8±0.1 g/cm3
boiling point 48.1±3.0 °C at 760 mmHg
melting point -98ºC
Molecular formula CH4O
molecular weight 32.042
flash point 11.1±0.0 °C
accurate mass 32.026215
PSA 20.23000
LogP -0.72
Appearance and characteristics Transparent colorless liquid
Vapor Density 1.11 (vs air)
Vapor pressure 265.4±0.1 mmHg at 25°C
refractive index 1.311
Storage conditions Storage precautions: Store in a cool and well ventilated dedicated warehouse, away from sources of fire and heat. The storage temperature should not exceed 37 ℃, and the container should be kept sealed. It should be stored separately from oxidants, acids, alkali metals, etc., and avoid mixing storage. Adopt explosion-proof lighting and ventilation facilities. Prohibit the use of mechanical equipment and tools that are prone to generating sparks. The storage area should be equipped with emergency response equipment for leaks and suitable containment materials.
stability

1. Chemical properties: It has the properties of a saturated monoalcohol and has its own unique reactions due to the presence of only one carbon atom. For example, it forms a crystalline substance CaCl2 · 4CH3OH with calcium chloride and a molecular compound BaO · 2CH3OH with barium oxide, which is dissolved in methanol; Similar compounds include MgCl2 · 6CH3OH, CuSO4 · 2CH3OH, CH3OK · CH3OH, AlCl3 · 4CH3OH, AlCl3 · 6CH3OH, AlCl3 · 10CH3OH, etc Unlike other alcohols, due to the binding of - CH2OH group with hydrogen, formic acid generated during oxidation is further oxidized to CO2 Methanol is not easily reactive with chlorine and bromine, but it is prone to react with its aqueous solution, initially producing dichloromethyl ether (CH2Cl) 2O, which is converted into HCHO and HCl by the action of water Heating together with alkali and lime produces hydrogen gas and sodium formate; CH3OH+NaOH→HCOONa+2H2;⑤  Distilled together with zinc powder, it decomposes and produces CO and H2O.

2. Methanol is a toxic chemical product that has significant anesthetic effects and poses the most serious harm to the optic nerve. Drinking 5-10ml/kg methanol can cause severe poisoning, while drinking 10ml/kg or more poses a risk of blindness. Drinking 30ml/kg can be fatal. Methanol can penetrate into the human body through the digestive tract, respiratory tract, and skin, causing poisoning. When inhaling concentrated methanol vapor, in addition to the unique symptoms of drunkenness and headache, it often causes blurred vision and eye pain. Some of these symptoms can occur after a few hours, and in severe cases, they can present as dizziness, difficulty breathing, stomach pain, hernia, constipation, and sometimes bleeding, which takes several days to recover. During this period, it can also cause fatigue, discomfort, and in severe cases, cyanosis may occur. Whether acute or chronic, it takes a long time to recover. The maximum allowable concentration of methanol vapor in the workplace air is 260mg/m3. The protective method lies in sealing the production equipment and strictly preventing entry, eye contact, or contact with wounds. If there is any sticking, rinse quickly with water. Acute poisoning patients should quickly move to fresh air. Serious cases should be sent to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment.

3. It belongs to the category of moderate toxicity. It mainly acts on the nervous system and has an anesthetic effect. It can be absorbed, consumed, or inhaled by the skin and cause poisoning, characterized by irritation of the optic nerve and retina, leading to blindness in the eyes. Ethanol can be rapidly decomposed and eliminated in the body, while methanol is slowly eliminated, so it has an accumulative nature. Inhaling methanol vapor can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat, causing dizziness, headache, intoxication, tearing, and blurred vision. In severe cases, anesthesia, difficulty breathing, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, hernia pain, bladder pain, constipation, and sometimes bleeding may occur. Drinking 5-10ml by mistake can cause severe poisoning, 15ml can lead to blindness, and around 30ml can be fatal. The oral lethal dose for rabbits is 10ml/kg. The olfactory threshold concentration is 140mg/m3. TJ36-79 stipulates that the maximum allowable concentration in workshop air is 50mg/m3.

4. Stability and stability

5. Prohibited compounds include acids, anhydrides, strong oxidants, and alkali metals

6. Aggregation hazard: non aggregation

SOLUBLE miscible
molecular structure

1. Molar refractive index: 8.21

2. Molar volume (cm3/mol): 42.5

3. Waiting for Zhang Biarong (90.2K): 88.6

4. Surface tension (dyne/cm): 18.8

5. Polarization rate (10-24cm3): 3.25

computational chemistry

1. Reference value for hydrophobic parameter calculation (XlogP): -0.5

2. Number of hydrogen bond donors: 1

3. Number of hydrogen bond acceptors: 1

4. Number of rotatable chemical bonds: 0

5. Number of tautomers: None

6. Topological molecular polarity surface area 20.2

7. Number of heavy atoms: 2

8. Surface charge: 0

9. Complexity: 2

10. Number of isotopic atoms: 0

11. Determine the number of atomic stereocenters: 0

12. Uncertain number of atomic stereocenters: 0

13. Determine the number of chemical bond stereocenters: 0

14. Number of uncertain chemical bond stereocenters: 0

15. Number of covalent bond units: 1

more

1. Appearance: Colorless transparent liquid with a pungent odor.

2. Melting point (℃):- ninety-seven point eight

3. Boiling point (℃): 64.7

4. Relative density (water=1): 0.79

5. Relative vapor density (air=1): 1.1

6. Saturated vapor pressure (kPa): 12.3 (20 ℃)

7. Heat of combustion (kJ/mol): -723

8. Critical temperature (℃): 240

9. Critical pressure (MPa): 7.95

10. Octanol/water partition coefficient:- 0.82~-0.77

11. Flash point (℃): 12 (CC); 12.2(OC)

12. Ignition temperature (℃): 464

13. Explosion upper limit (%): 36.5

14. Lower explosive limit (%): 6

15. Solubility: soluble in water, miscible with most organic solvents such as alcohols and ether.

16. Refractive index (n20 º C): 1.3284

17. Viscosity (mPa · s, 15 º C): 0.6405

18. Viscosity (mPa · s, 20 º C): 0.5945

19. Viscosity (mPa · s, 25 º C): 0.5525

20. Viscosity (mPa · s, 30 º C): 0.5142

21. Flash point (º C, open): 11

22. Flash point (º C, closed): 12.0

23. Heat of evaporation (KJ/mol, b.p.): 35.32

24. Melting heat (KJ/kg): 98.81

25. Heat of generation (KJ/mol, gas):- two hundred and one point three nine

26. Heat of generation (KJ/mol, liquid):- two hundred and thirty-eight point eight two

27. Specific heat capacity (KJ/(kg · K), 20 º C, constant pressure): 2.51

28. Boiling point rise constant: 0.785

29. Conductivity (S/m, 25 º C): 1.5 × 10-9

30. Thermal conductivity (W/(m · K), 30 º C): 21.3527

31. Coefficient of body expansion (K-1, 20 º C): 0.00119

32. Coefficient of body expansion (K-1,55 º C): 0.00124

33. Relative density (25 ℃, 4 ℃): 1.7866

34. Relative density (25 ℃, 4 ℃): 1.3265

35. Critical density (g · cm-3): 0.273

36. Critical volume (cm3 · mol-1): 117

37. Critical compression factor: 0.223

38. Eccentricity factor: 0.566

39. Lennard Jones parameter (A): 3.8632

40. Lennard Jones parameter (K): 419.86

41. Solubility parameter (J · cm-3) 0.5:29.532

42. van der Waals area (cm2 · mol-1): 3.580 × 109

43. Volume of van der Waals (cm3 · mol-1): 21.710

44. Gas phase standard combustion heat (enthalpy) (kJ · mol-1): 764.9

45. Gas phase standard claims enthalpy (kJ · mol-1): -2015

46. Gas phase standard entropy (J · mol-1 · K-1): 239.88

47. Gas phase standard generated free energy (kJ · mol-1): -161.6

48. Gas phase standard hot melt (J · mol-1 · K-1): 44.06

49. Liquid phase standard combustion heat (enthalpy) (kJ · mol-1): -726.9

50. Liquid phase standard claims enthalpy (kJ · mol-1): -239.1

51. Liquid phase standard entropy (J · mol-1 · K-1): 127.24

52. Liquid phase standard generation free energy (kJ · mol-1): -166.88

53. Liquid phase standard hot melt (J · mol-1 · K-1): 81.4

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